Medical Core

EBOOK A SYSTEM OF PRACTICAL MEDICINE. BY AMERICAN AUTHORS. VOL. 1 *** Produced by Ron Swanson (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) A SYSTEM OF PRACTICAL MEDICINE. BY AMERICAN AUTHORS. EDITED BY WILLIAM PEPPER, M.D., LL.D., PROVOST AND PROFESSOR OF THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MEDICINE AND OF CLINICAL MEDICINE IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. ASSISTED BY LOUIS STARR, M.D., CLINICAL PROFESSOR OF DISEASES OF CHILDREN IN THE HOSPITAL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. VOLUME I. PATHOLOGY AND GENERAL DISEASES. PHILADELPHIA: LEA BROTHERS & CO. 1885. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1885, by LEA BROTHERS & CO., in the Office of the Librarian of Congress. All rights reserved. WESTCOTT & THOMSON, _Stereotypers and Electrotypers, Philada._ WILLIAM J. DORNAN, _Printer, Philada._ PREFACE. The present work has been undertaken in the belief that by obtaining the co-operation of a considerable number of physicians of acknowledged authority, who should treat subjects selected by themselves, there could be secured an amount of practical information and teaching not otherwise accessible.

945 PUERPERAL FEVER. By WILLIAM T. LUSK, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . 984 BERIBERI. By DUANE B. SIMMONS, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1038 INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1045 CONTRIBUTORS TO VOL. I. BEMISS, SAMUEL M., M.D., Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine and Clinical Medicine in the University of Louisiana, New Orleans. BILLINGS, JOHN S., A.M., M.D., LL.D. (Edin.), Surgeon U.S. Army, Washington. FITZ, REGINALD H., M.D., Shattuck Professor of Pathological Anatomy in Harvard University, Boston. FOSTER, FRANK P., M.D., New York. HARDAWAY, W. A., A.M., M.D., Professor of Diseases of the Skin in the St. Louis Post-Graduate School of Medicine and in the Missouri Medical College, St. Louis; President of the American Dermatological Association. HARTSHORNE, HENRY, M.D., LL.D., Late Professor of Hygiene in the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. HUTCHINSON, JAMES H., M.D., Physician to the Pennsylvania Hospital and to the Children's Hospital, Philadelphia. HYDE, JAMES NEVINS, M.D., Professor of Skin and Venereal Diseases in the Rush Medical College, Chicago. JACOBI, ABRAHAM, M.D., Clinical Professor of Diseases of Children in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, etc.

These variations are familiar, though all their effects upon human health have been by no means, as yet, fully studied. Most difficult to determine and analyze are the influences of changes of pressure, chiefly hygrometric, upon the course of diseases and upon the result of severe surgical operations. Among the few important series of observations bearing on this topic have been those of Dr. S. Weir Mitchell on neuralgia,[4] and Dr. Addinell Hewson on the prognosis of major operations,[5] in connection with the state of the weather. The former ascertained a marked relation between the approach of a wave of low barometric pressure and attacks of irregularly periodic neuralgia; the latter proved, by the statistics of the Pennsylvania Hospital for a number of years, that the most favorable time for amputations or other capital operations is when the barometer is high, or at least on the ascent. [Footnote 4: _American Journal of Medical Sciences_, April, 1877, p. 305.] [Footnote 5: _Pennsylvania Hospital Reports_, 1868.] Electrical atmospheric states and vicissitudes have, quite probably, a practical consequence beyond what is usually ascribed to them in connection with health and disease. But their effects are so difficult to disentangle from those of other meteorological causes that we must be content at present without attempting their exact specification. The same observation may be made with reference to ozone.

* * * * * The classification and nomenclature which have been adopted are those recommended by the Royal College of Physicians of England and by the American Medical Association. Charts and tables have been inserted wherever they were needed to elucidate the text, but after mature reflection it was felt necessary to omit all illustrations that were not imperatively required, although many original drawings and paintings of high value were offered with the articles. THE EDITOR. OCTOBER, 1884. CONTENTS OF VOL. I. PAGE PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 GENERAL PATHOLOGY AND SANITARY SCIENCE. GENERAL MORBID PROCESSES. By REGINALD H. FITZ, M.D. . . . . . . . 35 GENERAL ETIOLOGY, MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS, AND PROGNOSIS. By HENRY HARTSHORNE, M.D., LL.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 HYGIENE. By JOHN S. BILLINGS, A.M., M.D., LL.D. (Edin.) . . . . . 173 DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE IN THEIR HYGIENIC RELATIONS. By GEORGE E. WARING, JR., M. Inst. C.E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 GENERAL DISEASES. SIMPLE CONTINUED FEVER. By JAMES H. HUTCHINSON, M.D. . . . . . . 231 TYPHOID FEVER. By JAMES H. HUTCHINSON, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . 237 TYPHUS FEVER. By JAMES H. HUTCHINSON, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . 338 RELAPSING FEVER. By WILLIAM PEPPER, M.D., LL.D. . . . . . . . . . 369 VARIOLA. By JAMES NEVINS HYDE, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 VACCINIA. By FRANK P.

The limits of this paper do not permit the presentation of proofs and illustrations of these somewhat dogmatic assertions, but it is believed that they will meet with general assent from medical men without formal and detailed argument, and that it is unnecessary here to urge the interest or importance of practical hygiene upon the medical profession, or to enlarge upon the desirability that the practitioner, as well as the professional sanitarian, should be familiar with the conclusions of modern science and technology with regard to it. In the minds of many intelligent and thoughtful physicians there is, no doubt, a feeling of unformulated distrust as to the real possibilities or probabilities of improving the health and diminishing the mortality of the community at large; and this feeling is in part due to the exaggerated claims and emotional exhortations of some advocates of hygiene. A careful and unprejudiced survey of what has been accomplished by sanitary measures will, however, largely dissipate this distrust. The natural term of the life of man is fixed by the physiologist at about one hundred years, which is nearly in accordance with the law indicated by Flourens, that the period of life of an animal is about five times that required to perfect the development of its skeleton and unite the epiphyses with the shafts of the long bones.